១ សេចក្តីផ្តើម
eyIg)andwgmkehIyfa RBH)aTC½yvm’7 KWCaRBHmhakSRt mYyGgÁEdl)anesayraCüenAsm½yGgÁr
kñúgcMeNam RBHmhakSRt CaeRcInGgÁEdl)aneLIgesayraCü nigRKb;RKgelITwkdId¾FMlwVgelVIyenH
RBHGgÁ)an eFVIeGayRbeTsCatikñúgsm½yGgÁr)an rIkcMerInrugerOgdl;kMritkMBUlEdleKEtgehAfa
យុគមាសទី១
rbs; RbeTskm<úCa.
karsnñidæanenHeTotesatminEmnekIteLIgtamkar
RsemIrRsém:EdlKµanRbPBenaHeT karsniñdæanTaMg enHPaKeRcIn)anpusecjBIKMnit nigkarsikSaRsavRCav.
ehIykarsnñidæanenHman KMnitsMehtupleRcInEdl eyIgGac ykmkBicarNarkehtuplRtwmRtUv)an.
EteTaHCaya:gNa karsnñidæanenHvaGaRs½yeTA elIRbPBén Bt’manCaeRcInEdleKTTYl)antam
ry³karGan sþab; b¤tamry³RbPBB’tmanepSg²eTot EdleK)an RsavRCav rkeXIjehIymanCab;karTak;Tg
nigerOgenH. ehtudUecñHCMuvijerOgra:vénkar)at;RBHkayedayPaBGaf’kM)aMg nig kar)ak;EbkrUbsMnak
rbs;RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 mankarsnñidæan eRcInehIymanlkçN³EbøkBIKñaktþaenH KWGaRs½y eTAelIcMenHdwg
karviPaK nwgRbPBBt’manEdleKTTYl)an karsnñidæanTaMgenaHmandUcteTAenH ³
២ អំពីមរណភាព
karsnñidæanTI 1 RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;GacesayTIvgÁtedayCMgWF¶n;F¶rEdlBMuman
fñaMsMrab;Büa)aleRBaH faenAsm½ykarenaHkarBüa)aleraKeKeRbIR)as;Et sMbkeQI
emImeQI b¤EpørukçaepSg² ykmkpSMeFVI fñaMBüal)al CMgW. ehtuenHehIycMeBaH»sfRbePTenH
GacBüa)alEtCMgWRsal²dUcCa RKuNekþA k¥k b¤pþas;say b:uEnþebIman CMgWF¶n;dUcCaRKuNekþAxøaMg
RKuNrgar CMgWGutFM GutsVay CMgWrakmYl[1] eKminGacBüa)al)aneLIyehIyGñkCMgWman
EtrgcaMesckþIsøab;Etb:ueNÑaH. dUecñHRBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RbEhlCaRTg;manCMgWF¶n; ehIyRTg;mincg;eGaymanpl
lM)akdl;GñkepSgkñúgkaremIlEfTaMgRBHGgÁ ehtuenHRBHGgÁRTg;k¾sMercRBHT½yeKcRBHkayeTAKg
enATIkEnøg s¶at;kM)aMgNamYyEdlKµanmnusSmñarNaeK)andwg b¤eTAdl;ehIyRTg;k¾)anyagesayTIvgÁtenATIkEnøgenaHeTA.
silacarwkenA sayhVúg Tl;muxTIRkugevogcnÞ½RbeTsLavsBVéf¶ ehIyCaGtItmnÞIreBTürbs;
RBHGgÁ)anEcgfa ³
karsnñidæanTI 2 RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;GacesayTIvgÁtedaysareKlYceFVIXat
edIm,IeLIgesayraCü CaRBHmhakSRtenARkugGgÁr. cMeBaHerOgenHminmanlkçN³smehtupleT eRBaHGñkEdleLIgesayraCübnþBI
RTg;KWRBHraCbuRtarbs; RBHGgÁRBHnam RBH)aT\®nÞvm’TI2 ¬1220-1243¦[3].
[1] enAkñúgsm½y]dugÁ qñaM 1860
RBH)aTGgÁDYg RTg;)anesayTIvgÁtedaysarCMgWenHÉg
[2] enHKWCaTwkRBHT½yrbs;
RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 EdlRTg;mancMeBaHRbCanuraRsþ
[3] dkRsg;ecjBIesovePA
RbvtþisaRsþRbeTskm<úCasRmab;sikSafñak;mUldæan rbs;elaksaRsþaRbvtþisaRsþ gin
vuF Nub suxa vg; suFara: 2007 2008 TMB½r 72
karsnñidæanTI 3 KWCakarsnñidæan rbs;elakRKU vg;
suFara: edayelakKWCasaRsþacarü RbvtþisaRsþ én saklviTüal½yPUminÞPñMeBj. elaksaRsþacarü)anbgðajfa cMeBaHerOgra:vénkar )at;RBHkayedayes¶óms¶at;
nwgGaf’kM)aMgrbs; RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 EdrCaGaDitesþccM)aMgd¾l,Il,ajenAGasIuGaeKñy_ nwgkñúgTMBr½énRbvtþisaRsþ
km<úCanastvtSTI13 enaHfaerOgenHGacbNþalmkGMBI RBHGgÁcg;rkSa GFibetyüPaB rbs;RbeTsCatieTIb
RTg;mincg;Rbkas GMBImrNPaB rbs;RBHGgÁeGaynrNamñak;)andwg)anB¤. eRBaHRTg;yl;fa ³
- RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;CaesþccM)aMg
edaysarRTg;)aneFVIs®gÁameQñH 78 smrPUmienAnKrcam,a: [1]
-RkugGgÁrCaraFanId¾Gs©arü EdlbNþaCnTaMgLay
nwgrdæmYycMnYnmancitþR)afñacg;)anyk eFVICakmµsiT§i
- sRtUvGacmkcUlQøanBanCayfaehtueRkayeBlEdrBYkeK)anTTYldMNwgmrNPaBrbs;RBHGgÁPøam
-RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 mankarRBYy)armÖxøacERkgfakgT½BeBleTAsmrPUmiKµancitþeFVIcM)aMg
ehIybgáeTACa
claclnaM
braC½yedaysarkar)at;bg;emT½BeRBaHfaenA sm½yenaHRBHraCaRTg;mantYnaTI2 KW
CaRBHmhakSRt nigCaemT½B .
-RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;cg;rkSaGnuPaBrbs;RBHGgÁ
TukbM)ak;sµartIrbs;sRtUvEdlmanbMNgKitcg;Qøan
BanCaTwkdI BiessKW RkumCnCatiesom
GMbUrCnCatiét Edl)anePosxøÜnmkBI tMbn;NancavRbeTscin.
elIs BIenHeTAeTotCnCatiyYn EdlCaTaskrbs;RbeTscinenAtMbn;yUNan ehIy)anePosxøÜnecjmkehIy
nwg CnCati camEdlCakþI)armÖFMbMputrbs;RBHGgÁ. kñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaHEdlelaksaRsþacarü
vg; suFara: k¾)an elIkykGtßbTmYyeTotEdleKsresrCa Pasa)araMgehIyGtßn½yénGtßbTenHmanlkçN³RsedogKña
nwgerOg ra:vxagelIenHEdr. enaHKWerOgra:vénkaryagesayTIvgÁtrbs; RBHecAGFiraC énRbeTsm:ugehÁalKW
RBH)aT hSg;hSIuúxan; enAkñúgqañM ¬1165?-1227¦ehIyelaksaRsþacarük¾)anbgðajeGay eXIjnUvGtßn½yTaMgRsugén
GtßTbEdl elak)anGanrYcmkenaH. elaksaRsþcarü)anmanRbsasn_fa dMbUgeLIyenARbeTsm:ugehÁal
4 karenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ 25RBHvsSa
ehIyRtUv)anRBHbitaRTg;RBH)aTFrNI®nÞvm’TI2 cat;eGay eTAb®gáab
karbHe)arnKrcam,a:dwk naMedayesþccam,a:RBH)aTC½y\®nÞvm’TI4
Qutqakéns®gÁamenHKWmancarwkTukenA elIsilacarwkbnÞayqµar k227.
b:uEnþerOgenHmankarExVgKMnitKñarvag elaksaRsþacarü vg; suFara: nig elak
sWeds edaysarkñúg cMnar énsilacarwkmin)anbgðajeGaydwgGMBIeQµaH RBHraCa eLIyedayeKRKan;EteXIjmanBakü esþc b¤ sMtc
EdlCazan³dl;x<g;x<s;bMput. eTaHCaya:gNasMrab;elak saRsþacarü vg; suFara:
KWenAEtKitfakSRtenAkñúgqakRbyuT§enHKWCa RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 eRBaHfaCaerOy²esþccM)aMgrUbminEdlbgðajeGayeXIjBI
RBHnamRBHGgÁelIcMnar énsilacarwkeLIy.eRBaHfaenAkñúgraCürbs; RBHGgÁ
mansilacarwkCaeRcIn )anRtUvcarwkeLIgehIyk¾ min)anbgðajeGayGñkGan)aneXIjBI
RBHnamrbs;RBHGgÁ Edr. ehIyelaksaRsþacarü )anbnþeTAeTotfaebIsinCaminmansRgÁamCa
nKrcam,a: Edl elIkT½BcUlmkvaylukluy RkugGgÁrkñúgqñaM ¬1177-1181¦ enaHeTRbEhlCa eyIgk¾
min)andwgfa etI esþccM)aMgrUbenH KWCanrNaEdr? . ehIyerOgenHk¾RbEhlCaGac køayCaRbsña
mYysMrab;GñksikSa nigGñkRsavRCavcMeBaHerOgra:vrbs;esþcswkrUbenH enAeBl NaEdlKµanRbPBCak;lak;NamYyykmkbBa¢ak;GMBI
RBHGgÁenaH. ehtuenHs®gÁamRkugGgÁrkñúgqñaM¬1177-1181¦rvagExµr nigcam,a: KWCakUnesarEtmYyKt;EdlbgðajGMBI
RbPBBt’sMxan;Tak;Tg nigRBHGgÁ.
KWCaEdndImYy
EdlcMruHeTAedayRkumklsm<½n§CaeRcInrs;enA ehIyEdrEtgEtbgáCas®gÁamCamYyKña\tmaneBl
Qb;Qr. sUmbBa¢ak;pgEdlfasm½yenaH RbeTsm:ugehÁalKWCaRbeTsmYy EdlmanRbCaCneRcIn)anrs;enA
LayLMKña .
sßitenAkñúgsßankarEbbenH
hSg; hSIúxan; kñúgzan³elakCaemRkuménklsm<½n§ mYyelakk¾)anelIkT½B eTAeFIVkarvayBRgabRkumklsm<½n§epSg²
CaeRcIneGayrabTabGs; ehIydak;eGaysßitenAeRkamkarRKb;RKg rbs;xøÜnEtmYy . cMeBaHerOgenH
hSg; hSIúxan; )ancMNayGs;eBleRcInqñaM ehIyRbyuT§Gs;CaeRcInsmrPUmi eTIb)ansMercdUckþIbMNg.
eRkayeBlerobcMRsukeTseGaymanesßrPaBehIy enAqñaM ¬1206¦[1] hSg; hSIúxan; k¾)anRbkasxøÜnÉgeLIgesayraCüCaesþc
RKb;RKgelIesþc nigTwkdIénRbeTsm:ugehÁalTaMgmUl. enAkñúgrC¢kal rbs;RBHGgþenARbeTsm:ugehÁalmansnþiPaB
nigmankarrIkcMerInesÞIrRKb;vis½yb:uEnþGVIEdlsMxan; nwgKYreGaycab; GarmµN_enaHKWenAry³kalcugeRkayénkareLIgesayraCürbs;
esþccM)aMgrUbenH manRBwtþikarN_sMxan;mYy)an ekIteLIgKWenA qñaM 1227 eBlEdrRBHGgÁRTg;manRBHraCbMNgcg;vayykBiPBelakTaMgmUlTuksMrab;eGay
RbCaCnrbs;RBHGgÁrs;enARBHGgÁRTg; k¾Rsab;EtmanRbQYnQWCaTMgn; edaydwgfaRBHGgÁRTg;minGac
manCIvit Kg;enAteTAmuxeTot)anRBHGgÁk¾)anRtas;eTARBHbuRtaRBHGgÁfa ebIkarNaRBHGgÁyagesayTivgÁteTAdac;xat;
minRtUvRbkas b¤eFVIBiFIbuNüRBHraCsBfVay dl;RBHGgÁeLIyedayRTg;manehtuplsMxan; 3ya:g
³
TI 1 RBHGgÁRTg;CaesþccM)aMgdl;xøaMgkøaebIsinCaBYkeK)andwgfa
RBHGgÁyagesayTIvgÁt eTAkarbHe)ar R)akdCa nwigekItmanenARKb;TIkEnøgTaMgGs;CaBiessKWBYkesþcRtajenAtamtMbn;
nigeRkakeLIgRbkasxøÜnCa esþcerog²xøÜnehIyEdrGac naMeGaymansRgÁamekIteLIgehIy nwgeFVIeGayRbCaCnrs;enAmin)anesckþIsux.
TI 2 RBHecAGFiraC hSg;
hSIúxan;[2]mankarRBYy)armÖxøacERkgrdæ
enAeRkamcMnuHeRkakeLIgRbqaMg ehIy GacRbkasxøÜnecjBIkarRKb;RKg; nwgm,a:geTotRTg;)armÖfaeRkayeBlRTg;esayTIvgÁteTAsRgÁamsIuvilGac
nwg ekItmaneLIg enAeBlNamYyrvagsmaCikenAkñúgRkumRKYsarénraCvgSanuvgSrbs;RBHGgÁ EdlGacnaMeTA
dl;kar GUsbnøayEdlminman éf¶bB©ab; ehIyvaGacnaMeGayekItmanCa vibtþiepSg²
enAkñúgsgÁmCatiTaMgmUl.
TI 3 RbeTsm:ugehÁal manRbCaCneRcInNas;
ehIytMrUveGaymankareFVIsRgÁamCamYy RbeTsnana edIm,I)anCaTItaMgTukeGay RbCaCnRbeTsm:ugehÁalrs;enA
eRBaHfaCIvPaBrs;enArbs;RbCaCn énRbeTsenHRtUv
BwgEp¥kTaMgRsugelIkar
ciB©awmstV nigbr)aj;stV. ehIykarEdlRTg;eFVIEbbenHKW edIm,IkuMeGaykgT½B)ak;Twkcitþ
KµansµartIkñúgkarRbyuT§enAelIsmrPUmi.
eTaHCaya:genHkþIcRkPBrbs;
GFiraChSg; hSIúxan; min)anRtUvbB©ab;RtwmkaresayTivgÁtrbs;RBHGgÁ eLIy minEtb:ueNÑaHcRkPBenH)anbnþPaBl,Il,ajrbs;xøÜn
Gs;ry³eBlrab;ryqñaMteTAmuxbnþeTAeTot ehIy GñkdwknaMrdæPaKeRcInKW)anekItecjBIRkumRKYsarén
raCvgSanuvgS rbs;RBHGgÁ mandUcCa )aTU xan; KUb‘Í éLxan; ET emLan; nig hSa cahan; ehIyeRkABIGñkTaMgGs;enHeTA
cRkPBm:ugehÁal k¾enAmanGñkCMnan;eRkaysMxan;² CaeRcInrUbEfmeTot.
ebItamry³
RbPBBt’manénsilacarwkCaeRcInk¾)anbgðajeGayGñksikSa nigGñkRsavRCav)an dwgbEnßm eTAeTotfaenAeRkayeBlEdl
RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;yagesayTIvgÁteTARBHGgÁRTg;)anbnSl;TuknUvmcäamrN nam[1]rbs;RBHGgÁmYyEdlmaneQµaHfa RBHmhabrmesAKtbT
cMnucenHehIyEdleFIVeGayeK kan;EteCOCak; faRBHGgÁRTg;KWBitCaGñkEdl eKarBRBHBuT§sasna
ya:gmutmaMBitR)akdEmn.
៣ អំពីរូបសំណាក
karsnñidæanTI 1 karEbk)ak;rUbsMnakrbs; RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 GacbNþamkBIs®gÁameRBaHfaeBlEdlman
s®gÁam
BYksRtUvGac nig vaybMpøaj;rUbsMnak RBHGgÁ edayehturbs;eKepSg²KñaCaBiess sRgÁamrvagExµr
nig esomeRBaHfaenAeRkayeBl RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;yagcUlTIvgÁteTA CnCatiesom EdlCaeQøIys®gÁamExµrk¾
)annaMKñaeRkakeLIgbHe)ar bgáCaT½BeLIgRbqaMgRkugGgÁrRBmTaMg)anRbkas xøÜnCardæÉkraCü
ehIyenAmkdl; stvtSTI14esom)ancab;epþImeFVIkarvaylukmkelITIRkugGgÁrT½Besom)aneFVIkardutbMpøaj
nwg)ankMTicrUbsMnak Gs;CaeRcInGENkehIy k¾RbEhlCamanrUbsMnakrbs;RBHGgÁenAkñúgenaHpgEdr.
karsnñidæanTI 2 rUbsMnakenHGacxUcRTg;RTayedaysar karERbRbYlGakasFatu
ekþA RtCak; edayehtu farUbsMnakrbs;RBHGgÁGacRtUv)aneKksagehIyTukecaleGayRtUv kMedA
sMenIm ehtuenHGs;ry³eBlyUreTA² GaceFVIrUbsMnakenH xUcRTg;RTayedIm )anebIsinCaeyIgKittaMgBIstvtSTI13
mkdl;eBlenHstvtSTI21 vaKYr EtxUcRTg;RTayedImBitR)akdEmn eRBaHfaerOgenH)anknøgputeTAGs;ry³eBl
800 qñaMmkehIy.
karsnñidæanTI 3 cMeBaHka)ak;EbkrUbsMnak enHGacbNþamkBIktþa
sgÁm BIeRBaHfataMgEtBI sm½ynKrPñM karbHe)ar RbqaMgRBHmhakSRt nwgskmµPaBERCkraCü)anekIteLIgesÞICaRbcaM.
ehtuenHRbEhl CaRTg;man ectnaeGayeKsagsg; rUbsMnakRBHGgÁ eLIgehIyRTg;k¾bB¢aaeGayeKkMTicrUbsMnakrbs;
RBHGgÁ dUcrUbEdr eyIg)aneXIjsBVéf¶enHbMNgKWedIm,I bgðajfaebIsinCakarNaCnNa b¤RkumNamYy
EdlmancitþminesµaHRtg; manKMnitcg;k,t;mineKalrBdl; RBHmhakSRt b¤mancitþcg;bMpøajRbeTsCatiÉgenaH
sUmeGayCnenaH b¤Rkum enaH)anTTYlnUvplbuNüTaMgLayNaEdl xøÜnÉg)ansageLIgehIyeGay
vinasEbk)ak;dUcrUbsMnakenHteTA erogeGIy.
karsnñidæanTI 4 kar)ak;EbkrUbsMnakenHGacbNþal mkBIskmµPaBrbs;BYkRkumQµÜnTuc©rit
Edlman bMNgcg;ykrUbsMnakenHykeTACYjdUr ehIyRbEhlCaedaysarEt rUbsMnakRBHGgÁmanTMhMFMehIy
F¶n;eBk edIm,IgayRsYlykBYkQµÜj GaceFVIkarbMEbkrUbsMnakenHCacMEnk². eRBaHfakarEdleK)anrkeXIjrUbsMnak
RBHGgÁelIkdMbUg rUbsMnarbs;RTg;RtUv)an EbgEckCabIEpñk Gv³yv³ RTUg nigRBHekscMeBaHRBHeksenHEdl
10qñaM eRkaymkeTIbeKrkeXIjenAkñúgéRBénbrievnCit nigtMbn;R)asaTGgÁr edayminmanRbPBBt’manBitR)akd
NamYyGMBIrUbsMnakrbs;RBHGgÁEdl vaCaehtunaMeGayCag cMlak;mankarlM)akcMeBaHkarrcnarUb
RBHGgÁeLIg edaymindwgfaRtUvrcnatamrebobrW viFINamYyeGaysM nigRtwmRtUvtamsPaBedImEdlrhUtmkdl;eBlenHehIy
erOgenHKW enAEtKµandMeNaHRsayehIyk¾enAEtCakþIkgVl;d¾FMmYy sMrab;karsikSa EsVgyl;bEnßmpgEdr.
karsnñidæanTI 5 CakarsnñidæantamEbbsamBaØFmµtaEdleyIgEtgEt)anB¤
nigCYbedayehtufakarEbk )ak; énrUbsMnak enHKWcg;bgðajfaCaFmµtamnusSGacbegáIt rW plitvtßúGVI²TaMgGs;)anKW
edaysarédTaMgBIr nigkarRtiHBicarNaBIxYr k,al. ehIyebIsinCaédd¾biunRbsb;TaMgBIr
nigxYrk,ald¾Gs©arü RtUvbMpøajehIyenaHKW famnusSk¾Elgmansar³sMxan;eTotEdr.
ehtuenHrUbsMnak; RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 GacRtUvsRtUvbMpøaj edayehtu plenHeRBaHBYksRtUvKitfaedayPaBbuinRbsb;
enHehIyEdleFVIeGay RBHGgÁeFVIsRgÁamminEdlecHcaj; ehIy edIrvayRKb;TIkEnøgTaMgGs;ykmkeFVICakmµsiT§rbs;xøÜn.
eRBaHTegVIenH)aneFVIeGayRBHGgÁmansRtUvkan;EteRcIn eLIg²enAeBlRBHGgÁRTg;yagesayTIvgÁt
BYksRtUvk¾taMgmkbMpøajrUbsMnakrbs;RBHGgÁedIm,ITukCakarsgswk nig RBHGgÁcMeBaHerOgra:gEdlRTg;)aneFVIknøgmk.
karsnñidæanTI 6 cMeBaHkar)ak;EbkrUbsMnakenH elaksaRsþacarü vg;
suFara: elakKitfaKWCaskmµPaB Edlbgá eLIgedaysRgÁamsasna EdlbNþalmkBIkarRbtikmµRkum
GñkniymRCulénsasnaBIrKW BuT§sasna nwg RBhµBaØsasna eRBaHfaenAeBlEdl RBHGgÁRTg; eLIgesayraCüRTg;)ansb;RBHh£T½ybþÚrQb;kan;
RBhµBaØ EbreTAkan;BuT§sasnavij. edayRTg;k¾)anGnuBaØateGaymnusSRKb;rUbGacman siT§ieCOCMenONak¾)anEdreGay
EteKeBjcitþedayminRbkan;eTaséBGVITaMgGs; cMeBaHCnTaMgenaH. luHdl;eBlRBH)aTC½yvm’TI7
RTg;yag esayTIvgÁteTAehIyenaH mkdl;kñúgrC¢kalrbs; RBH)aTCyvm’TI8 ¬1243-1295¦RBHGgÁ
k¾)ancab;epþIm eFVIkarpøas;bþÚrsasnaTaMg BIrmþgeTotTegVIenH)anbgáeGayman RbtikmµCaxøaMgrvagGñkkan;sasnaTaMgBIrehIy
k¾)anbgá eGaykøayeTACabBaða nigs®gÁamsasna[1]ekIteLIg. edayRkumGñkkan;xag RBhµBaØ
naMKñaeTAkMTic RBHviharRBHBuT§sasna ecalesÞIEtKµansl;enARBmTaMgmankardab; b¤ekaslubnUvrUbsMnakRBHBuT§enAtamCB¢aaMg
R)asaTCaeRcInmandUcCaR)asaTRBHx½N-l. ehIykñúgeBlenaHrUbsMnak
RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 k¾RbEhlCaRtUveK
bMpøajeBlenaHEdr. ehIyCMnYsmkvijnUvrUbRBHsivlwgÁ RBH\sUr
b¤k¾KµancMEnkÉxagGñkkan;BuT§sasnak¾eFVIdUecñH
Edl ehIy sRgÁamenH)anGUs bNøayGs; ry³ eBlCaeRcInqñaMeTIbcb;[2].
៤ ស្ថានភាពដើម
RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 CabuRtrbs;RBH)aT FrNi®nÞvm’TI2 nwgRBHnagm©as;cUlDamNI[3] RBHnamedImrbs; RBHGgÁmannamfaC½yvF’n[4] kñúgzan³CaRBHGgÁm©as;ehIyk¾RtUvCaraC¢TayaTenAeBlGNaKt
edayRTg;mannaTI CaemT½BkarBarRBHnKreBlman RBHCnµ25RBHvsSa[5] RBHbitaRBHGgÁRTg;)ansb;RBHT½yEtgtaMg
RBHGgÁm©as; C½yvF’nCaemT½B FMkMBUldwknaMT½BeTAeFVIs®gÁamTb;Tl; nwgnKrcam,a:. b:uEnþenAeRkayeBl
RBH)aTFrN®nÞvm’TI2 RTg;yagesayTIvgÁt eTAraCüsm,tiþRtUv)aneTAelI RBHGgÁm©as;C½yvF’n
CaGñkesayraCübnþb:uEnþ edaysarEt RTg;kMBugCab;édenAÉsmrPUmi¬nKrcam,a:¦eTIbRBHGgÁm©as;
minGacyagRtlb;mkvij)an. ehtudUecñHehIyraCü sm,tiþ enHk¾RtUv)anRbKl;eTAeGay RBH)aTyesavm’TI2¬1160-1165¦
EdlCab;RBHjativgS nigRBHGgÁCa GñkeLIgesayraCübnþb:uEnþ)an Et5qñaM RBH)aTyesavm’TI2
RtUv)anRtIPUvnaTitü GtItmRnþI)ank,t;ehIyeFVIKt RBHGgÁdeNþImykraCüsm,tiþ ehIyk¾eLIgesayraCüCaRBHmhakSRtcab;BIqñaM
¬1165-1177¦ edayman RBHnamfa RtIPUvnaTitüvm’ eRkayeBlTTYl)andMNwgerOgenHPøam RBHGgÁm©as;C½yvF’n
)anBüayamRsUtrUtecj dMeNIr mkCYyse®gÁaHEdr. b:uEnþeRKaHGkusl;RBHGgÁm©as; RTg;yagmkminTan;ehIyRTg;k¾)antaMgT½BeTAmçag
nig )anrs;enAedayPaBes¶óms¶atedaymin)anbgáCaT½B b¤karbHe)arGVInaMeGayekItman
PaBclaclenAkñúg RBHnKr
[1] ebItamesovePAstþivgS
nigKMnitdwknaMPaKTI2 rbs;elaksaRssþacarü G‘¿u b:um faenAsm½yGaNacRkecnLa
raCüC½yvm’TI1Føab;mans®gÁamsasnaenHekIteLIgmþgEdr
[4] sUmemIlesovePAelak \nÞ
»msaem:g kRmgRbvtiþsaRsþénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa 2003 TMB½r73
[5] ebItamkareFVIbTbgðajrbs;elaksaRsþacarü
vg; suFara:
elakfaeBlenaHRBHGgÁm©as;C½yvF’nRTg;)anerobGPieskCamYyRBHnagC½yraCeTvIrYceTAehIy
eLIy. elIsBIenHeTAeTot
RBHGgÁm©as;RTg;k¾minEdlmanKMnitcg;sgswkedIm,IdeNþImraCüblø½gÁ BIRBHmhakSRt ERCkraCüenHeLIy.
RBHGgÁm©as;RTg;enAEtbnþkareKarB nigmanPkIþPaBcMeBaHesþcfµInam RtIPUvnaTitüvm’ eGay
dUcGVIEdl RBHGgÁFøab;)aneFVIcMeBaHRBHmhakSRt mun²ya:gdUecñHEdr.
luHdl;qñaM 1177 nKrcam,a:)anelIkT½BkmvaylukRkuGgÁr
edaydwknaMeday esþcnKrcam,a: mYy GgÁmanRBHnam C½y\®nÞvm’TI4 esþcRtIPUvnaTitüvm’RtUv)aneKeFVIKt.
ehIyebItamesovePAelak\nÞ »msaem:g eBlenaHRBHnag C½yraCeTvI nwgRBHraCbuRtnamRsI®nÞkumar
EdlRtUvCaRBHmehsI nigbuRt RBHGgÁm©as;C½yvF’n k¾)anesayTIvgÁt enAkñúgsRgÁamenHEdr.
sßitenAkñúgsßankarenH RBHGgÁm©as; k¾)anRbmUlkgT½Bmk eFVIkarhVwk hat;cMeNHCMnajehIy
nwgyuT§saRsþepSg²kñúgeBleFVIcM)aMg. ebItamTsSnrbs;elak Bn; qay EdlelakCa saRsþcarü énsaklviTüal½yPUmiPñMeBj elakk¾)anbgðajeGaydwgxøH²fa
RBHGgÁm©as;C½yvF’n RTg;CamnusS EdleBaleBjeTAkartaMgcitþx<s;eday Rbkan;KMnitneya)aycas;TMuKitkic©kar
b¤sMerckic© karGVIRbkbedaykar KitRtiHriHBicarNax<s;manPaBl¥itl¥n; nigm:t;ct;minmanPaBeqvqaveLIy.
kñúgclnaénkarrMedaHRbeTsCatienH )ancMNayGs;ry³eBl 4qñaMeTIbTTYl)anC½yCMnH. sRgÁamrvagRkugGgÁr
nignKrcam,a: k¾)anekIteLIgkñúgeBl enaH RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 )aneFVIeGaykgT½Bén
nKrcam,a: TTYlbraC½yya:gdMNMenAelIsmrPUmi bwgTenøsabEdl CasRgÁameCIg Twk d¾FMmYykñúg
TMB½rén RbvtisaRsþkm<úCaedayehtuenHehIyeTIbeKRbsiT§inameGay RBHGgÁfaCa esþccm,aMgCaBuT§sasnikd¾eqñIm
nigk¾Caesþcsßabnik erOgra:vénsRgÁamenH)anRtUveKcarwkTukenAelIfav énCBa¢aMg R)asaT)ay½n
nigbnÞayqµar. luHmkdl; qñaM¬1181¦ eTIbRBHGgÁm©as;C½yvFn’RTg;eLIgesayraCüsm,tiþCa
RBHhakSRteday RTg;manRBHnamfa RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 kñúgRBHCnµu56 RBHvsSa.
eRkayeBleLIg esayraCü sm,tiþ rYcehIyerOg sMxan;CageKrbs; RBHGgÁenaHKW)anerobcMksagraCFanI
eLIgvijedaysßabna kMEBgfµ)ay eRkom nigKUrTwkBT½CMu vijmanRbEvg3K/m[1]kñúgmYyRCug²enHenAGgÁrTIbIsBVéf¶enH.
rYcbnÞab;mkeTIbRBHGgÁRTg; )anerobGPieskCamYy nigRBHnag\®nÞeTvI EdlRtUvCabgRsIrbs;
RBHnagC½yraCeTvI[2].
ehIyk¾sUmbBa¢ak; Edlfa qñaM1145[3]RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RBHGgÁRTg;)anerobGPieskCamYy
nigRBHnagC½yraCeTvI rYceTAehIy. RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;manRBHraCbuRteRcInNas; EteTaHCaya:genHkþI
k¾manbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁ4RBHGgÁ RtUv)aneK sÁal;Edl KWRBHGgÁm©as; RsIsUrükumar RsIviCyvT§’n³ RsI®nÞvm’b¤\®nÞvm’nTI2 nig
¬nb£b¦tIRnÞvm’nRTg; )anRKb
[1] elakRsI Rtwg gar
RbvtþisaRsþExµr PaKTI1 e)aHBumÖeLIgvijedayRksYgGb;rMyuvCn nigkILa
[2] dkRsg;BIesovePAv
xJúMcg;dwg/////CnCatiExµr niBn§edayelak Paul Brunon nig elak s‘unehg em:gQag PaKTI1
RKgenA¬levaT½y¦ ]bTVIbma:eL. enAqñaM ¬1190¦ nKrcam,a: )anelIT½BmkvayExµrmþgeTot RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 )anRTg;)an cat;eGayvITüannÞn_ EdlCakUncamehIyRtUv)an RBHGgÁRTg;sb;RBHraCh£T½yykeFVICakUnFm’ ehIy k¾)ancat; eGaynaMTB½eTAvayb®gáabkar bHe)arenaHeGayrabTabeTAvij ehIyk¾TTYl)aneCaKC½y nig RBmTaMg )anelIk RBHGgÁm©as;Gin EdlRtUvCaGnuCéførbs; RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 eGayeLIgesayraCüsm,tiþ enATIRkugviC½y cab;BI qñaM¬1192-1203¦. eRkaymkBYkcam,enAviC½y)aneRkakeLIgnaMKñabHe)arehIy)anbeNþj RBHGgÁGin eGaycUlmkRsukExµrvij. sßitenAkñúgsßankarenHvITüannÞn_ EdlRKb;RKgenA )aNrgÁ k¾)aneqøót»kasenH bRgYb bRgYmCnCaticam nigTwkdITaMgGs;eGaymankarÉkPaBKñaeLIgvij ehIyk¾)antaMgRbkasxøÜnÉgCa esþcRKb;RKg enAnKrcam,a:. qñaM¬1193-1194¦ RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 )anBüayameFVIkarsRmuHsRmYl eGayTTYlsÁal; GMnac RBHGgÁ EtesþcGgÁenH minyl;RBmRBHGgÁk¾cat;eGayeQµaH GugFnbtiRKam EdlRtUvCa«Bukma vITüannÞn_ eGay elIkT½BeTAvaybRgáabrhUtTTYl)aneCaKC½y. eRkaymkdl;qñaM¬1194¦ RBHGgÁk¾)anelIkT½BeTAvayb®gáab nKrcam,a:dak;enAeRkam cMnuHTIRkugGgÁr[1] EtmþgRBHGgÁeFVIenHKWdUcGVIEdl GtItRBHmhakSRtmun² Føab;)aneFVI ya:gdUecñHEdr. cMeBaHerOg enHebItamkarbkRsayrbs;elaksaRsþacarüvg; suFara: nig elakém:eXIr vieXIrrI KitfakarFVIsRgÁamenHmin EmnmanehtuplEtb:unhñwgeLIy. eRBaHfakarvaybRgáabnKrcam,a: eKalbMNgFM enaHKWkarRKb;RKgelIkMBg;Eprbs;nKrcam,a: EdlCapøÚvénesdækic© nigEpñkBaNiC¢kmµtampøÚvsmuTÞ EdlvaCaPaB caM)ac;bMputsMrab;PaBrIkcMerIn rbs;sgÁmCatiTaMgmUl. ehIyelaksaRsþacarü vg; suFara: k¾)anbEnßmfaCaTUeTA raCFanImYy b¤RbeTsmYyGacrIkcMerInsßitesßreTA)anKWGaRs½yeTAelIskmµPaB BaNiC¢kmµcMENkÉ ksikmµ RKan; EtCaerOgbnÞab;bnSMEtb:ueNÑaH ehIyenAkñúgsm½ykalenaH enAÉRbeTscinkñúgraCvgSsug k¾mancitþcg;deNþImyk nKrcam,a:CamYy nigesþc RkugGgÁrEdr. KYrrMB£keLIgvijpgEdlfakarkñúgRKaenaHTIRkugGgÁrmankMBg;Ep esdækic© ya:gsMxan;mYyKWenA extþhaeTog. ehIyk¾ekItman CMelaHkardeNIþmKñaCamYy nigRbeTscintamry³CnCaticin Edl)anePosxøÜn edaysarkarQøanBanrbs;RbeTsm:ugehÁal ehIy)anmksMuRCkekan nig)anrs;enAtaMgTIenA elITwkdITaMgenH taMgBIyUryamkehIyenaH. enAkñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaHEdl edIm,IGacvayyk nKrcam,:a )an RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 k¾)aneFVIeGayRbeTsdayevot ¬RbeTsevotNamsBVéf¶¦ eGaysßitenACaGBüaRkitüGs; mYy ry³kal[2]. nKrcam,a: k¾)ankøaymkCaGaNaextþrbs;Exµrcab;BI qñaM¬1203-220¦ edayELkenAkñúg
qñMa¬1207¦[1]
RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7RTg; )ancat;eGayelak GgSraC elIkT½BeTAvayRbeTsdayevot T½BenHman cMruHedayT½BExµr
esom nigPUma[2]
EteKmin dwglT§plya:gNaeT. enAkñúgrC¢kalrbs; RBHGgÁRTg; )anbnSl; TuknUvsñaRBHhsßCaeRcInTukCaekrþ×dMENlmandUcCa
R)asaT)ay½n ¬CaR)asaTPñMdMNageGaykarsMeyaK sasna TaMgBIr¦ taRBhµ RBHx½n
bnÞaykþI naKB½n§ taesam eRkaleKa vtþnKr)aC½y ¬kMBg;cam¦RsHRsg; R)asaTRCug
sYrRB½t bnÞayqµar taRBhµ ¬Tenø)aTI¦ taén/éRB/bnÞayéRB R)aTlanCl;dMrI enATl;muxR)asaTbnÞaykþI
EdlsuT§EtmantYb:mbYn ehIyEbrmuxeTArkTisFM²TaMgbYn nigR)asaTCaeRcIneTotEdlsßitkñúgRbeTséfsBVéf¶.
eRkABIenHRBHGgÁRTg;)anksag mnÞIreBTü 121 salasMnak; 112 sMNg;kMEBgGgÁrFM sMNg;s<an pøÚvfñl; ¬BIRkugGgÁreTA
RkugviC½ynKrcam,a: BIRkugGgÁreTAPiém:RbeTsesom¦mansalaeronehIyya:gehacNas;man saklviTüal½ysMxan;²cMnYnbI[3] )anRtUvbegáIteLIgedIm,IeGaymnusSTTYl)anKMnit
énkarGb;rMmnusSeGaykan; EtmanPaBTUlMTUlayCagmunTaMgEpñk cMeNHdwg
nigkarGnuvtþn_. saklviTüal½yC½yRsI ¬R)asaTRBHx½n¦ saklviTüal½yraCvihar ¬R)asaTtaRBhµ¦
nigsaklviTüal½yner®nÞTugÁCasaklviTüal½y EdlGb;rMxagRTIsþI RBHBuT§sasnaEdleKKitfaRbEhlCaRtUv
nwgR)asaT)atCMu EdlmaneQµaHfaesAKtaRsm. cMENkÉTwkdIBRgIk enAxageCIgeTATl; nigevogc½nÞén
RbeTsLav xaglicTl; nigExSTwkTenøemNÑam nigenAGagTenø\ra:vtI enAÉ RbeTsPUma xagt,ÚgTl;
nigsmuTÞ. eXIjfaTwkdImanTMhMFMCag RBHraCamun² TaMgGs; ksag)aneRcInehIyman GaNacRkcMNuH
12mandUc PUma-c½nÞburI {esom} ma:eL-cam//////////////.
សេចក្តីសន្និដ្ឋាន
rYmesckþImkerOg mrNPaB nwgerOg rUbsMnakrbs; RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7
KWsuT§EtCa esckþIsnñidæanTaMgGs; eRBaHfaPsþútaMgRbvtþisaRsþEdlRtUv)an eKRsavRCavrkeXIjmancMnYntictYc
ehIycMeBaHerOgenHKWva manPaB sµúKsµajNas;EdleFVI eGayeKmankarlM)ak
nigRbmUlTinñn½ysMrab;cgRkgCaÉksareLIg. b:uEnþeTaHCaya:g Nak¾edayerOgenH KWCaerOgsMxan;
nigCaBnøWmYysMrab;karsikSa nigRsavRCav. ehIyGVIEdlCa pllM)akmüa:g eTotenaHKWkarExVgKMnitKñarvagGñkRsavRCav
nigGñkcg;RkgÉksarRbvtþisaRsþ sMrab;sikSaEdrPaKeRcIn elak EtgEtyklMnaMÉsarcas;² énRBwtiþkarN_RbvtþisaRsþykpSMlaybBa©ÚlKña
CamYyKMnitpÞal;xøÜn ehIycab;epþIm sresrCaGtßbTRbvtþisaRsþeLIg TaMgEdlRbPBÉksarcas;²TaMgenaHmanlkçN³BitxøHminBitxøH
EdlnaMeGay
[2] elakRsI Rtwg gar
RbvtþisaRsþExµr PaKTI1 e)aHBumÖeLIgvijedayRksYgGb;rMyuvCn nigkILa
[3] dkRsg;ecjBIesovePA
RbvtþisaRsþRbeTskm<úCasRmab;sikSafñak;mUldæan rbs;elaksaRsþaRbvtþisaRsþ gin
vuF Nub suxa vg; suFara: 2007 2008 TMB½r 77
eyIgminGaccgRkg
RbvtþisaRsþCatieyIgeGaymanPaBsuRkitüeLIg ehIy nigmankarÉkPaBKñarvagGñkniBn§ nig
GñkRsavRCav. teTAmuxeyIgsgÇwmfaRbeTskm<úCaeyIgBitCa nwgGacmankar cgRkgÉksarRbvtþisaRsþ
rbs;CatixøÜnÉgEdlRbkbedayPaBsuRkitüRtwmRtUv nwgmankarÉkPaBKña. vaCaKWkarBitNas;fa
KµanRTIsþI rWkar bkRsayNamYyGacBnül;eGay)an RtwmRtUvmYyryPaKryenaHeLIy.
eTaHCaya:gNa RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RTg;ekItmkCaemdwknaMénRbeTskm<úCa
b:uEnþRTg;KWCardæbursd¾eqñImén CnCatiGasIuEdrRbkbedaylkçN³sm,tþiénPaBTn;Pøn;
Büayam nigemtþaFm’KYreGayeKarB. RBH)aTC½yvm’TI7 RBHGgÁRTg;k¾)anbgðajeGayeXIjnUvKMrUén
esckþIéføfñÚr kñúgkardwknaMrdætamEbbEpnénPaBbiunRbsb;. RBHGgÁ RTg;)anyksasnaTaMgBIrmklay
pSMbB©ÚalKñaedIm,IeFVIkar GPivDÆn_RbeTsCatieGayCYbEtPaBsuxsanþ nigrIk cMerInrugerOg.
ehIyEdl)anrHbeB©ajBnøWhYsq¶ay BIRbeTskm<úCaeTAeTot ebIeTaHbICaRBHGgÁRTg;man kMhus
xøHkñúgkardwknaMRbeTsCatitamEbb neya)ayvatTIniymk¾edayb:uEnþ RBHGgÁRTg; bnSl;)anTuknUvsßaRBHhsß rbs;
RBHGgÁedayRTg; )anksagR)asaTCaeRcInbEnßmeTAelIsñaRBHhsßdl;FMeFg rbs;RBHraCamun²
edIm,I RbTandl; mnusSCatiTaMgmUlnUvGrIFm’d¾rugerOgmYy
kñúgcMeNamGrIyFm’rugdéTeTotEdlBiPBelak nigmnusS CatiTaMgGs;)andwg nig)ansÁal; .
PñMeBjéf¶TI 07 Ex kkáda qñaM 2008
រៀបរៀងដោយគរុនិសិ្សត ប្រវត្តិវិទ្យា ជំនាន់ទី១៦
លោក ឃឹមរតនា លោក ទី គឹមហេង
លោក
ហេង រដ្ឋា
ប្រភពឯកសារដែលបានប្រើប្រាស់
1
bTbgðajrbs; elaksaRsþacarü vg;
suFara: GnubNÐitRbvtþisaRsþ
2
bTbgðajrbs; elaksaRsþacarü Bn; qay GnubNÐitGkSrsaRsþExµr
3
snþtivgS nigKMnitdwknaM sm½yGgÁ niBn§eday elakbNÐit G‘¿um b:um 2007
4
xJMúcg;dwg///CnCatiExµr rbs;elak Paul Brunon nig elak s‘un ehgem:gQag PaKTI1
5
kRmgRBwtþikarN_RbvtþisaRsþRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCarbs; elak \nÞ »msaem:g
2003
6
RbvtþisaRsþExµr elakRsI Rtwg gar PaKTI1
e)aHBumÖeLIgvijedayRksYgGb;rMyuCn nigkILa
7
silacarwksm½yGgÁr1ERbsMrYl nigeroberogeday elak saRsþcarüRbvtþisaRsþ vg; suFara: 2008
8
RbvtiþsaRsþsegçbénRbeTskm<úCa niBn§edayelak y/y/mIeheyv
ERbsMrYledayelak bNÐit Lúg esóm
e)aHBumÖpSayenA 1985
9
RbvtþisaRsþkm<úCa sRmab;sikSafñak;mUldæan niBn§eday saRsþcarüRbvtþisaRsþ
elak gin vuF Nub suxa nig
elak vg; suFara: sRmab;eRbIR)as;épÞkñúg
2007
10
RbPBÉksarepSg²eTot
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