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អាណាចក្រចេនឡា (គ.ស.៥៥០-៧០៦)

នៅ​ពាក់​កណ្តាល​សត​វត្ស​ទី​៦ ហ្វូណន​បាន​ត្រួត​ត្រា​រដ្ឋ​ជិត​ខាង​របស់​ខ្លួន​ចំនួន​ពីរ​គឺ រដ្ឋ​ចេន​ឡា (នៅ​ប្រទេស​ថៃ​សព្វ​ថ្ងៃ) និង​រដ្ឋ​ចម្ប៉ា (នៅ​ប្រទេស​វៀត​ណាម​ភាគ​ខាង​ត្បូង​សព្វ​ថ្ងៃ) ។ ប្រជា​ជន​ចេន​ឡា ក៏​ជា​ជន​ជាតិ​ខ្មែរ​ដែរ ប៉ុន្តែ​ប្រជា​ជន​ចម្ប៉ា (ចាម) គឺ​ជា​ជន​ជាតិ​ម៉ា​ឡេ​ស៊ី។រាជ​ធានី​របស់​នគរ​នេះ​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា ភវបុរៈ ។ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​នគរ​ភ្នំ​បាន​ធ្លាក់​មក​ក្រោម​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​របស់​អាណា​ច​ក្រ​ ចេន​ឡា។ 

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Tourism in Cambodia

Angkor

For the temple, see Angkor Wat.

Angkor

អង្គរ
Map of Angkor
Alternate name	Yasodharapura
Region	Southeast Asia
History
Builder	Yasovarman I
Founded	late 9th century AD
Abandoned	1431 AD
Periods	Middle ages
Site notes
Condition	restored and ruined
Management	APSARA Authority
Public access	Ticket required for foreigners
Architecture
Architectural styles	Bakheng, Pre Rup, Banteay Srei, Khleang, Baphuon, Angkor Wat, Bayon and post Bayon

Angkor

UNESCO World Heritage site
Location	Siem Reap Province, Cambodia
Includes	Angkor, Roluos, and Banteay Srei
Criteria	Cultural: i, ii, iii, iv
Reference	668
Inscription	1992 (16th Session)
Endangered	1992–2004
Area	40,100 ha
1 2 3 1 = Angkor, 2 = Roluos, 3 = Banteay Srei

This article contains Khmer text.Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script.

Angkor (Khmer: អង្គរ, "Capital City")^[1][2] was the capital city of the Khmer Empire, which also recognized as Yasodharapura (Khmer: 

យសោធរបុរៈ ;Sanskrit: यशोधरपुर) and flourished from approximately the 9th to 15th centuries. Angkor was a megacity supporting at least 0.1% of the global population during 1010–1220. The city houses the magnificent Angkor Wat, one of Cambodia's popular tourist attractions.

The word Angkor is derived from the Sanskrit nagara (नगर), meaning "city".^[3] The Angkorian period began in AD 802, when the KhmerHindu monarch Jayavarman II declared himself a "universal monarch" and "god-king", and lasted until the late 14th century, first falling under Ayutthayan suzerainty in 1351. A Khmer rebellion against Siamese authority resulted in the 1431 sacking of Angkor by Ayutthaya, causing its population to migrate south to Longvek.

The ruins of Angkor are located amid forests and farmland north of the Great Lake (Tonlé Sap) and south of the Kulen Hills, near modern-day Siem Reap city (13°24′N, 103°51′E), in Siem Reap Province. The temples of the Angkor area number over one thousand, ranging in scale from nondescript piles of brick rubble scattered through rice fields to the Angkor Wat, said to be the world's largest single religious monument. Many of the temples at Angkor have been restored, and together, they comprise the most significant site of Khmer architecture. Visitors approach two million annually, and the entire expanse, including Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom is collectively protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The popularity of the site among tourists presents multiple challenges to the preservation of the ruins.

In 2007, an international team of researchers using satellite photographs and other modern techniques concluded that Angkor had been the largest pre-industrial city in the world, with an elaborate infrastructure system connecting an urban sprawl of at least 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi) to the well-known temples at its core.^[4] Angkor is considered to be a "hydraulic city" because it had a complicated water management network, which was used for systematically stabilizing, storing, and dispersing water throughout the area.^[5] This network is believed to have been used for irrigation in order to offset the unpredictable monsoon season and to also support the increasing population.^[4] Although the size of its population remains a topic of research and debate, newly identified agricultural systems in the Angkor area may have supported up to one million people.^[6]

List of rulers

See also: List of monarchs of Cambodia and Monarchs' family tre

Reign	King	Capital	Information and events
802–835	Jayavarman II	Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya	Proclaimed the independence of Kambuja from Java. Claimed as Chakravartin through sacred Hindu ritual on Phnom Kulen and initiating Devaraja cult in Cambodia.
835–877	Jayavarman III	Hariharalaya	Son of Jayavarman II
877–889	Indravarman I	Hariharalaya	Nephew of Jayavarman II. Built Preah Ko dedicated to Jayavarman II, also for his father and his grand father. Constructed temple mountain Bakong.
889–910	Yasovarman I	Hariharalaya, Yaśodharapura	Son of Indravarman I. Built Indratataka Baray and Lolei. Moved the capital to Yaśodharapura centred around Phnom Bakheng, and also built Yashodharatataka.
910–923	Harshavarman I	Yaśodharapura	Son of Yasovarman I. Involved in a power struggle against his maternal uncle Jayavarman IV. Built Baksei Chamkrong.
923–928	Ishanavarman II	Yaśodharapura	Son of Yasovarman I, brother of Harshavarman I. Involved in a power struggle against his maternal uncle Jayavarman IV. Built Prasat Kravan.
928–941	Jayavarman IV	Koh Ker	Son of King Indravarman I's daughter, Mahendradevi, married to Yasovarman I sister, claim the throne through maternal line. Ruled from Koh Ker.
941–944	Harshavarman II	Koh Ker	Son of Jayavarman IV.
944–968	Rajendravarman II	Angkor(Yaśodharapura)	Uncle and first cousin of Harshavarman II and wrestle power from him. Transfer the capital back to Angkor, Built Pre Rup and East Mebon. War against Champa in 946.
968–1001	Jayavarman V	Jayendranagari in Angkor	Son of Rajendravarman II. Built a new capital Jayendranagari and Ta Keo in its centre.
1001–1006	Udayadityavarman I, Jayaviravarman, Suryavarman I	Angkor	Period of chaos, 3 kings rule simultaneously as antagonist.
1006–1050	Suryavarman I	Angkor	Took the throne. Alliance with Chola and conflict with Tambralingakingdom. Built Preah Khan Kompong Svay. The king adhered to Mahayana Buddhism.
1050–1066	Udayadityavarman II	Yaśodharapura II (Angkor)	Took the throne, descendant of Yasovarman I's spouse. Built Baphuon, West Baray and West Mebon, also Sdok Kok Thom.
1066–1080	Harshavarman III	Yaśodharapura II (Angkor)	Succeeded his elder brother Udayadityavarman II, capital at Baphuon. Champa invasion in 1074 and 1080.
1090–1107	Jayavarman VI	Angkor	Usurper from Vimayapura. Built Phimai.
1107–1113	Dharanindravarman I	Angkor	Succeeded his younger brother, Jayavarman VI.
1113–1145	Suryavarman II	Angkor	Usurped and killed his great uncle. Built Angkor Wat, Banteay Samre, Thommanon, Chau Say Tevoda and Beng Mealea. Invade Đại Việt and Champa.
1150–1160	Dharanindravarman II	Angkor	Succeeded his cousin Suryavarman II
1160–1167	Yasovarman II	Angkor	Overthrown by his minister Tribhuvanadityavarman
1167–1177	Tribhuvanadityavarman	Angkor	Cham invasion in 1177 and 1178 led by Jaya Indravarman IV, looted the Khmer capital.
1178–1181	Cham occupation, led by Champa king Jaya Indravarman IV
1181–1218	Jayavarman VII	Yaśodharapura(Angkor)	Led Khmer army against Cham invaders thus liberated Cambodia. Led the conquest of Champa (1190–1191). Major infrastructure constructions; built hospitals, rest houses, reservoirs, and temples including Ta Prohm, Preah Khan, Bayon in Angkor Thom city, and Neak Pean.
1219–1243	Indravarman II	Angkor	Son of Jayavarman VII. Lost control of Champa and lost western territories to Siamese Sukhothai Kingdom.
1243–1295	Jayavarman VIII	Angkor	Mongol invasion led by Kublai Khan in 1283, and war with Sukhothai. Built Mangalartha. Zealous Shivaite Jayavarman VIII eradicated Buddhist influences.
1295–1308	Indravarman III	Angkor	Overthrown his father in law Jayavarman VIII. Made Theravada Buddhism the state religion. Received Yuan Chinese diplomat Zhou Daguan (1296–1297).
1308–1327	Indrajayavarman	Angkor
1327–1336	Jayavarmadiparamesvara (Jayavarman IX)	Angkor	Last Sanskrit inscription (1327).
1336–1340	Trosok Peam	Angkor
1340–1346	Nippean Bat	Angkor
1346–1351	Lompong Racha	Angkor
1352–1357	Siam Ayutthaya invasion led by Uthong
1357–1363	Soryavong	Angkor
1363–1373	Borom Reachea I	Angkor
1373–1393	Thomma Saok	Angkor
1393	Siam Ayutthaya invasion led by Ramesuan
1394-c.1421	In Reachea	Angkor
1405–1431	Barom Reachea II	Chaktomuk	Abandon Angkor (1431).

Angkor Wat

he 12th century was a time of conflict and brutal power struggles. Under Suryavarman II (reigned 1113–1150) the kingdom united internally^[7]:113 and the largest temple of Angkor was built in a period of 37 

Health

Health is the ability of a biological system to acquire, convert, allocate, distribute, and utilize energy sustainably. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined human health in a broader sense in its 1948 constitution as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of